Major vascular complications 1. Any thoracic aortic dissection 2. Access site or access-related vascular injury (dissection, stenosis, perforation, rupture, arteriovenous fistula, pseudoaneurysm, hematoma, irreversible nerve injury, or compartment syndrome) leading…
Fig. 23.1 Digital subtraction angiography (a) provides a more accurate characterization of vessel lumen and calcification (arrow) than routine angiography (b) in this patient with severe, calcified distal right common…
Fig. 10.1 (a–c) Distinguishing true AS from pseudo AS. In patients with LF-LG AS, as the continuity equation is less accurate and is known to underestimate the valve area, distinguishing…
Fig. 12.1 A zoomed-up, optimized image in the parasternal long-axis view is used to measure the aortic annulus size and LVOT dimensions. The aortic annulus dimension is measured edge-to-edge at…
Fig. 7.1 Effect of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on survival in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in the randomized controlled PARTNER trial. (a) In inoperable patients (PARTNER trial…
Fig. 33.1 CoreValve (left, courtesy of Medtronic). SAPIEN 9000 TFX (bottom right) and SAPIEN XT 9300 TFX (top right) valves (Adapted with permission from Jayasuriya et al. [27]) The PARTNER…
Fig. 31.1 (a) Balloon-expandable Edwards Sapien (Edwards Lifesciences, California, USA) and (b) self-expanding CoreValve (Medtronic, Minnesota, USA) transcatheter valves with optimal implantation depth where half to two-thirds (Edwards Sapien) and…
Fig. 19.1 Tortuous iliofemoral arteries by angiography Fig. 19.2 (a) Aortoiliofemoral angiogram showing patent arteries with quantitative coronary angiography measurements >7 mm. (b) Bifurcation of right and left common iliac…
Fig. 30.1 Paieon’s C-THV system using first aortogram and marking orientation of the aorta Fig. 30.2 Paieon’s C-THV system showing multiple angle of perpendicularity based on two angiograms (#1 and…
Fig. 24.1 Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram using a parasternal long-axis view of the aortic root demonstrating a thickened, bright aortic valve. The aortic dimensions shown here include diameter of the left…
