MENINGITIS (UNCOMPLICATED) KEY FACTS Common causative organisms include Escherichia coli (E. coli) and streptococcus group B (newborns), Hemophilus (H. influenzae) (children <7 years), Neisseria (N. meningitides) (older children…
AQUEDUCTAL STENOSIS KEY FACTS Accounts for 20% ofallhydrocephalus cases; generally presents in infancy but may manifest at any time. This spectrum of disorders includes congenital narrowing of…
VERTEBRAL METASTASES KEY FACTS Vertebral métastases occur in 5% to 10% of all cancer patients, especially those with primary tumors in the breast, prostate, uterus, and lung; myeloma;…
PANTOTHENATE KINASE DEFICIENCY (HALLERVORDEN-SPATZ SYNDROME) KEY FACTS Rare autosomal recessive disorder (abnormal gene: 20pl3); deficiency of pantothenate kinase leading to accumulation of cysteine, free radicals, and iron deposition….
ANNULAR FISSURES KEY FACTS Most are found in the lumbar spine of middle-aged and older adults but may occur at any age. They are seen as small…
CHOANAL NARROWING KEY FACTS Can be of two types: stenosis and atresia (note: severe stenosis behaves clinically like atresia), further subdivided into bony or soft tissue (plugs); for…
MENINGIOMA KEY FACTS Most common extra-axial adult tumor; most common intracranial tumors (15% to 20%) in adults. Occurs mainly in middle-aged women (possibly because of increased sensitivity…
TEMPORAL BONE FRACTURES KEY FACTS Longitudinal type Most common (70% to 80%) type of temporal bone fractures; results from blows to the temporoparietal region. Results in…
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1, ASTROCYTOMAS AND NEUROFIBROMAS KEY FACTS Autosomal dominant (chromosome 17) or sporadic (50%) disorder, ten times more common than NF-2; prominent cutaneous lesions, plexiform neurofibromas, and…
