Bronchial Arteries
The bronchial arteries represent approximately 1% of the blood supply to the lungs and do not participate in gas exchange. They provide systemic blood supply to the airways, esophagus, posterior…
Coronary Arteries: Anomalies, Normal Variants, Aneurysms, and Fistulas
Normal Anatomy The sinuses of Valsalva are three adjacent dilatations or pouches of the aorta that have a cloverleaf configuration and lie above the level of the aortic valve but…
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Surgical revascularization for coronary artery disease (CAD) with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is the recommended…
Myocardial Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies
The term nonischemic cardiomyopathy refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that ultimately lead to impaired cardiac performance, either from decreased function or from abnormal conduction. Although the diseases are…
Myocardial Ischemic Disease: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and Europe. Advances in therapy have resulted in improved survival of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction…
Myocardial Ischemic Disease: Computed Tomography
The scope of clinically relevant myocardial ischemic disease renders it one of the most important problems facing modern medicine. Risk stratification, diagnosis, management, and monitoring of patients with suspected or…
Cardiac Masses
Advances in cardiac gated computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have significantly expanded the role of imaging in the evaluation of cardiac lesions. Echocardiography is the most common…
Myocardial Ischemic Disease: Nuclear
Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) radionuclide techniques, is a commonly performed diagnostic imaging test to detect coronary artery disease…
Imaging the Postoperative Thoracic Aorta
The thoracic aorta may be affected by various disorders including aneurysms, dissections, intramural hematomas, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers, and acute aortic injury. Specific pathophysiologic details of these entities are beyond the…
Vascular Anatomy and Variants
Diseases of the vascular system encompass a wide range of pathologic conditions with myriad clinical presentations. Appropriate diagnosis and management of these disorders require accurate depiction of the vascular anatomy,…
