Conventional Breast Imaging
Before the development of mammography, the detection of abnormalities in the breast was largely based on visual inspection and palpation. This has dramatically changed in the last half of the…
Diffusion MRI as a Stand-Alone Unenhanced Approach for Breast Imaging and Screening
List of Abbreviations ADC apparent diffusion coefficient BI-RADS Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System BPS background parenchymal signal DCE dynamic contrast-enhanced DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ DWIST Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance…
Disease and Treatment Monitoring
Preoperative, or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), in which systemic therapy is administered before surgery, is used to downstage primary breast cancers while reducing the risk of recurrence. NAC often results in…
DWI and Breast Physiology Status
The normal breast tissue undergoes marked alterations in size, shape, and function in response to the onset of puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and menopause. Both endogenous (early menarche, older age at…
General Principles and Challenges of Diffusion MRI
The concept of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) emerged in the mid-1980s, together with the first images of water molecular diffusion in the human brain, as a way to probe…
Biomarkers, Prognosis, and Prediction Factors
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms originating from the epithelial cells lining the milk ducts. This heterogeneity has been observed in histology for a long time and formed…
Overview of Breast DWI: Diagnosis of Suspicious Lesions Using DWI in Combination With Standard MRI
The Need for Reducing Unnecessary Biopsies in Breast MRI Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast—referred to as standard breast MRI throughout this chapter—is considered the most…
Gastrointestinal imaging
Abbreviations ADC apparent diffusion coefficient AUC area under the curve CAPIRINHA Controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration CD Crohn disease CE contrast-enhanced CRC colorectal cancer CT computed…
Hepatobiliary and pancreatic imaging
Introduction Hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging technology with promising applications in cancer evaluation ( ). The main advantage of these systems is that both…
Gynecologic imaging
Introduction Gynecologic malignancies are a considerable source of morbidity and mortality, accounting for nearly 672,000 deaths globally in 2020 ( ). Imaging complements surgical and clinical gynecologic cancer staging. Pelvic…
