10.9: Renal masses in children Naren Hemachandran, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, Geetika Khanna Introduction Renal neoplasms are rare in children, accounting for less than 10% of childhood cancers. Nonneoplastic conditions like hydronephrosis,…
1. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage The relief of obstructive jaundice following the placement of a percutaneous transhepatic catheter was first described by Dr William Molnar and Dr Alfred Stockum in…
9.26: Interventions in portal hypertension Amar Mukund, Shaleen Rana Portal hypertension Portal hypertension (PH) is an inevitable complication of chronic liver disease. Chronic liver disease results in increased vascular resistance…
2. Acute renal failure Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous syndrome which is defined as a decline in the glomerular filtration rate rapidly (hours to days) leading to…
11.9: Epididymis Bobji Kettay The epididymis is positioned in the posterolateral aspect of testis and subdivided into three parts namely, the head, body and tail. Collection and temporary storage of…
1. Nephrocalcinosis Introduction The term nephrocalcinosis was coined in 1934 by Fuller Albright. Nephrocalcinosis refers to the deposition of calcium salts (oxalate and phosphate) in the renal parenchyma. It can…
11.10: Seminal vesicles Anidudha Kulkarni Seminal vesicles (SVs) are an integral part of male genitourinary system. SVs are paired accessory gland which plays a major role in male fertility. They…
2. Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria Introduction Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is characterized by an increased sensitivity to complement-mediated erythrocyte lysis leading to cyclical haemoglobinuria. It is also known as Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome….
1. Acute bacterial pyelonephritis Acute pyelonephritis is a multifocal acute infection of renal parenchyma and pelvicalyceal system. The diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis is typically based on the presenting complaints of…
