Radiology Key

6. Approach to unilateral small kidney The frequency of unilateral small kidneys has been found to be about 1 in 500 autopsies. It may be an incidental finding on imaging…

7.14: Imaging and interventions in abdominal trauma Amandeep Singh Introduction Trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Blunt abdominal trauma accounts for 5% of trauma-related mortality…

7. Renal malakoplakia Introduction Malakoplakia is a chronic granulomatous multisystemic disease characterized by the presence of one or more white plaques in various organs of the body, preceded by chronic…

7. Benign biliary strictures and bile leaks The aetiologies for BBS include iatrogenic, autoimmune, infectious, inflammatory and congenital causes. The most common cause is an iatrogenic stricture developing after cholecystectomy…

6. Renal sinus lipomatosis Proliferation of fat within the kidney represents a spectrum of disorders ranging from mild fatty deposition within the renal sinus with preserved parenchyma (renal sinus lipomatosis…

3. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis Introduction Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition of the kidneys characterized by renal parenchymal destruction and replacement by lipid laden foamy macrophages. (Xantho means…

2. Emphysematous pyelonephritis It is a rare necrotizing infection of kidneys with abnormal accumulation of air within parenchyma, pelvicalyceal system and in perinephric soft tissue. If not treated early, it…

2. Biliary stenting In patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction, biliary drainage provides palliation. External or combined internal–external drainage PTBD catheter is uncomfortable for the patient, requires constant care and…