Gallbladder
4 Gallbladder Gallbladder Disease Overview Cholesterol gallstones (85%) are the most common • Risk factors: Four Fs (female, fertile, fat, and forty) • Due to imbalance between bile, lecithin, and…
Determination of the Spine-Based Coordinate System for an Efficient Cross-Sectional Visualization of 3D Spine Images
of mutually orthogonal axes x, y and z, represented by unit vectors , and , respectively. In the case of 3D spine images, the image-based coordinate system usually corresponds to…
Segmentation, Reconstruction and Analysis of the Vertebral Body from Spinal CT
Fig. 1 Vertebral Body: A CT slice of vertebral body illustrates its regions: the VB region (in blue color), which is our region of interest to be segmented. Spinal processes and…
Spine Reconstruction from Radiographs
Fig. 1 Overview of the components involved for the 3D reconstruction of the spine from radiographic images This chapter presents the different techniques involved for generating the 3D reconstruction of a…
Model-Based Vertebra Identification from X-Ray Image(s)
with nodes for the spinal structure as shown in Fig. 1. Each node represents a connected disc-vertebra-disc component of the spinal structure, in which both the discs and the vertebral body…
Vertebrae Localization and Labeling Using Learning-Based Approaches
Fig. 1 Challenges of vertebrae labeling in clinical cases. a A MR scan of a scoliosis patient. b A CT scan of a scoliosis patient. c A MR scan with folding…
Monitoring of Bone Formation in Ankylosing Spondylitis Using Computed Tomography
Fig. 1 Example of syndesmophyte growth from baseline (BL) to year 1 (Y1) visible on CT reformations but not on radiographs To overcome the limitations of radiographic methods, we designed a…
of 3D Vertebral Models from a Single 2D Lateral Fluoroscopic Image
be m (m = 39) members of the aligned training surface models. Each member is described by a vector Xi with N (N = 5000) vertices: (1) A PDM was then obtained by applying…
Statistical Shape Models of the Spine
and 3D points . The rigid transformations describe the relative position and orientation of each sub-model, and the points describe the local shape in the coordinate system associated with the…
