Ischemic Enteritis
Clot or narrowing of superior mesenteric artery or superior mesenteric vein with bowel wall thickening • Best imaging tool MDCT with CT angiography; multiplanar reformations Catheter angiography for diagnostic confirmation and…
Vasculitis
Large vessel: Takayasu arteritis Medium vessel: Polyarteritis nodosa Small vessel: Henoch-Schönlein purpura, lupus vasculitis, Behçet disease, Wegener granulomatosis IMAGING • Takayasu arteritis Classically involves aortic arch Wall thickening of vascular segment in acute phase…
Hepatic Trauma
Intraparenchymal &/or subcapsular hematoma Injury to bare area of liver may result in retroperitoneal, not intraperitoneal, bleeding • Best imaging tool: MDCT in hemodynamically stable patients • CT protocol advice: Rapid bolus…
Esophageal Scleroderma
GI tract, lungs, heart, kidneys, and nervous system • GI: 3rd most common manifestation after skin changes and Raynaud phenomenon Seen in up to 90% of patients Most common sites – Esophagus…
Gastric Ulcer
Sharply defined mucosal defect (ulcer); smooth, even, radiating folds to edge of ulcer crater Projects beyond expected contour of stomach (on upper GI and CT imaging) Usually on lesser curve,…
Sigmoid Volvulus
Midline; directed toward RUQ or LUQ; elevation of hemidiaphragm • Diagnosis: Abdominal radiography, water-soluble contrast enema, CT Coronal reformatted CT is especially useful in diagnosis Abdominal radiographs: Supine, upright, prone, and…
Abdominal Incision and Injection Sites
Usually result from injection of subcutaneous heparin, self-injection of insulin, etc. Low-density nodules associated with ectopic gas or fluid • Injection or incision site hematoma or seroma May be misinterpreted as…
Rectal Carcinoma
Extracolonic tumor extension: Irregular external (serosal) margin of rectum Strands of soft tissue extending from serosal surface into perirectal fat Loss of tissue fat planes between rectum and surrounding muscles…
Gastric Polyps
Hyperplastic, adenomatous, and hamartomatous • Fundic gland polyps: Now most common type Associated with use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication Sometimes considered a variant of hyperplastic polyps • Hyperplastic polyps Virtually…
Gastric Bezoar
Phytobezoar: Undigested vegetable matter – Persimmons contain tannin, which coagulates on contact with gastric acid Trichobezoars: Accumulated, matted mass of hair – Most common in young girls Lactobezoar: Undigested milk concretions (infants)…
