Fig. 5.1 Computed tomographic angiography reveals significant left subclavian artery (LSA) tortuosity as it traverses the thoracic inlet, making it more prone to injury for a retrograde subclavian/transaxillary approach. In…
Fig. 26.1 “Line of perpendicularity.” This curve demonstrates the average caudal or cranial angulation required across the RAO to LAO spectrum to achieve perpendicularity to the valve plane Fig. 26.2…
Fig. 4.1 Current balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valves: Edwards SAPIEN THV (a) schemata and (b) following deployment with aortography and Edwards SAPIEN XT THV (c) schemata and (d) following deployment with…
Fig. 9.1 Etiologies of valvular stenosis: (a) Calcific aortic valve stenosis. (b) Congenital bicuspid aortic valve stenosis. (c) Rheumatic aortic valve stenosis (Images courtesy of Michael A. Seidman, M.D., Ph.D.,…
Fig. 15.1 Basic principles of positron emission tomography. PET tracers release protons which quickly collide with bystander electrons and annihilate resulting in the release of two 511 keV photons at…
James K. Min, Daniel S. Berman and Jonathon Leipsic (eds.)Multimodality Imaging for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement201410.1007/978-1-4471-2798-7_38 © Springer-Verlag London 2014 38. What Future Studies Are Needed for TAVR Imaging? James K. Min1 , Jonathon Leipsic2 and Paul Schoenhagen3 (1) Weill Cornell…
Study Enrollment Number of patients Approach Device Procedural success 30-day mortality I-REVIVE/RECAST [6] 2003–2005 26 Transseptal Edwards SAPIEN 85 % (22/26) 16.7 % (6/36) 7 TF Edwards SAPIEN 57 %…
Fig. 13.1 3D standardized views of the aortic valve using multiplanar reformation (MPR). Panel (a) Left sagittal oblique (3-chamber view); (b): left coronal oblique; (c): short-axis view of the aortic…
Before TAVR Limited evidence to date 30 days and 12 months mortality similar in revascularized versus non-revascularized patients Myocardial infarction and major stroke higher in individuals undergoing revascularization and/or presence…
Fig. 6.1 The natural history of aortic stenosis (AS) is depicted. Following a long asymptomatic period during which survival is nearly normal, mortality rises sharply with the onset of the…
