Radiation Protection
Radiation Protection 21.0 INTRODUCTION It is incumbent upon all individuals who use radiation in medicine to strive for an optimal compromise between its clinical utility and the radiation doses to…
Medical Imaging Informatics
Medical Imaging Informatics 5.0 INTRODUCTION Medical informatics represents the process of collecting, analyzing, storing, and communicating information that is crucial to the provision and delivery of patient care. Medical imaging…
Radiation and the Atom
Radiation and the Atom 2.0 INTRODUCTION Radiation refers to energy that propagates through space or matter. Two important categories of radiation in medical imaging are electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and subatomic…
Introduction to the Study Guide
Introduction to the Study Guide 1.0 INTRODUCTION As Dr. Mettler mentioned in the Foreword to the fourth edition of the textbook The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging (EPMI), the textbook’s…
Protocols for liver stiffness acquisition
General protocol For all of the ultrasound (US) shear wave elastography (SWE) techniques (vibration controlled transient elastography [VCTE], point shear wave elastography [pSWE] and two-dimensional shear wave elastography [2D-SWE]), adherence…
The role of ultrasound in portal hypertension
Introduction Portal hypertension (PH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by an increase of the pressure gradient between the portal vein (PV) and the inferior vena cava (IVC) above 5 mmHg…
Artifacts in liver stiffness evaluation
Overview of artifacts in liver shear wave elastography The use of shear wave elastography techniques proves valuable in providing qualitative and quantitative elasticity maps of the liver. There are, however,…
Noninvasive assessment of liver steatosis with ultrasound techniques
Introduction Worldwide, obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that, as of 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults 18 years or older were overweight, and,…
Staging liver fibrosis with shear wave elastography
Introduction Chronic liver disease is a major worldwide health problem. It may be due to several etiological factors that lead to necroinflammation with subsequent fibrosis (i.e., formation of scar tissue)….
Shear wave dispersion
Introduction Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) is a continually developing technology that provides biomechanical information concerning tissue elasticity (stiffness) by emitting a push pulse, which generates laterally propagating shear waves…
