Key Echocardiographic Features • Determine the nature of the heart relationship as being either two separate beating hearts or a single cardiac amalgam. • If two separate hearts, identify the…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Assess for the morphology of the larger ventricle (left ventricle). • Identify the atrioventricular valve connections to the left ventricle, and assess size and degree of…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Size and function of the left ventricle in comparison with the right ventricle. • Direction of shunting at the atrial level (hypoplastic left heart syndrome is…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Locate the position of the mass within the heart. • Search for multiple masses and identify the number of masses seen. • Determine whether the mass…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Locate the position of the diverticulum as either at the apex (most common) or originating from the wall of the ventricle. • Determine the presence or…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Heart size, cardiothoracic area ratio • Heart rhythm • Degree of displacement of the tricuspid valve • Effective right atrial and right ventricular size • Degree…

Anatomy and Anatomical Associations Ectopia cordis is a rare but very dramatic congenital malformation in which the heart is located outside of the confines of the chest cavity. The condition…

Key Echocardiographic Features • One great vessel and one semilunar valve arising from the heart. • Origin of the branch pulmonary arteries from the trunk—from a single main pulmonary artery?…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Locate the position of the “echo bright spot” as being solely on the tips of the papillary muscles within the heart. • Search for any additional…

Key Echocardiographic Features • Size and function of the right ventricle in comparison with the left ventricle. • Morphology of the right ventricle (i.e., tripartite?). • Morphology of the pulmonary…