Types of bowel surgeries, their indications, and postprocedural anatomy Esophagectomy All esophagectomy techniques involve partial or complete resection of the esophagus with a new anastomosis to esophagus, stomach, or bowel….

Anatomy ◼ Adenomas can develop anywhere in the colon or rectum but are seen with the greatest frequency in the sigmoid colon. ◼ The frequency of polyp occurrence in each…

Anatomy ◼ The arterial supply of the small bowel is predominantly from the celiac axis and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). ◼ The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and the internal iliac…

Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ Most of the small and large bowels originate from the midgut, except the proximal duodenum (up to the ampulla of Vater), which originates from the foregut,…

Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The small bowel is a long, mobile, and compressible tubular structure located in the mid-abdomen, surrounded circumferentially by the large bowel. ◼ The small bowel caliber…

Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ Extraluminal air is a worrisome finding that should immediately heighten the suspicion of the radiologist to a potentially life-threatening complication. ◼ The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is…

Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The stomach is anatomically subdivided into the cardia, fundus, body, and antrum, with inflow regulated by the lower esophageal sphincter and outflow by the pyloric sphincter….

Techniques ◼ Fluoroscopy is an imaging modality where continuous x-ray images are obtained to evaluate the body in real time, often with the aid of administered radiopaque contrast material (…

Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ There are five distinct densities in plain radiography, four of which are natural: gas (black), fat (dark gray), soft tissue (medium gray), calcifications (white), and metal…