Grade I Contusion Any size Laceration Skin and subcutaneous tissue Fracture <3 adjacent ribs Nondisplaced clavicle Grade II Laceration Skin, subcutaneous, and muscle Fracture >3 adjacent ribs Open or displaced…

Gradea Type Description I Parenchyma Microscopic or gross hematuria; urological studies normal (contusion) Hematoma Non-expanding subcapsular hematoma II Parenchyma Laceration <1 cm in depth, without collecting system rupture Hematoma Non-expanding…

Fig. 17.1 Scheme of the three types of stress that act on bowel and mesentery in abdominal blunt trauma Crushing may determine local lacerations of the bowel wall and mesentery,…

Trauma Main etiology Mechanism Main injuries Blunt Motor vehicle collision (MVC) fall from height Direct impact Direct-impact forces transmitted along the trajectory of the “force vector” Extremity injuries, head and…

Fig. 23.1 Pedestrian-invested: bilateral, inhomogeneous, ground-glass opacification for lung contusions But when a precise evaluation for the first diagnosis is needed, referral to CT is mandatory [16] (Fig. 23.2). Fig….

Fig. 22.1 Liver CECT scan before and after angioembolization, arterial phase: (a) evidence of active bleeding (white arrow) and subcapsular fluid collection (white arrowhead); (b) presence of metallic coils (black…

Fig. 21.1 Acute arterial bleeding; axial CT image of the pelvis on arterial (a) and venous (b) phases. Extravascular hyperattenuating focus with attenuation similar to that of the iliac arteries…

Fig. 1.1 Timely healthcare and best chance of survival. An early continuing healthcare significantly increases the probability of survival in patients with polytrauma. Mortality rates tend to decrease monotonically with…

Fig. 10.1 Traumatic inferior cava disconnection. Contrast enhanced MSCT—post-surgical control after 1 day (a) and after 1 week (b, c). In (a) (arrow) is still present a hematoma; in (b, c) the…

Hard signs Soft signs Shock Non-pulsatile bleeding Pulsatile bleeding Stable hematoma Bruit or thrill over the wound(s) Nerve injury Expanding or pulsatile hematoma Unequal blood pressures Absent palpable pulses distally…