CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE Incidence of CHD in Liveborn Infants Overall incidence:   8–9÷1000 livebirths ◊  Most common CHD: bicuspid aortic valve (2%) [usually not recognized before late infancy / childhood] ◊  ASD + VSD…

•  Ashkenazi Jewish women + nuns •  upper > lower social class •  unmarried > married women •  Whites > Blacks after age 40 REPRODUCTIVE VARIABLES in BREAST CANCER •  nulliparous > parous: •  first full-term…

into subcutaneous tissue Breast Edema 1.   Lymphatic obstruction: extensive axillary / intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, mediastinal / anterior chest wall tumor, axillary surgery, SVC syndrome, filariasis, intestinal lymphangiectasia 2.   Skin disorder: psoriasis, burns 3.   Generalized…

=  from nasion to anterior angle of bregma [bregma, Greek = top of head] Closure:   by 3 months – 6 years of age; in up to 10% open until adulthood Sutura frontalis…

AMYLOIDOSIS =  extracellular deposits of insoluble fibrillar protein (most commonly amyloid AL = light chain) in myocardial interstitium Incidence:   AL amyloidosis (50%); AA amyloidosis (2%);isolated myocardial amyloid deposition (in 25% of autopsied…

Use:  may be used to empty gallbladder about 30 minutes (to 4 hours) before tracer injection in patients on prolonged fasting (gallbladder atony + retained bile and sludge) ← absence of…

FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) Action:   influence on (1) number of follicles, (2) development of ovarian cysts, (3) size of ovaries Physiology:   rises abruptly at birth ← decrease in estrogen + progesterone after loss…

Dieulafoy disease = abnormally dilated submucosal vessels of pulmonary artery prone to hemorrhage [Paul Georges Dieulafoy (1839–1911), chief of medical services at the Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France] 2.   Bronchiectasis, mouthful (15%) 3.   Tuberculosis…

ORDER OF BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS OF RIGHT LUNG: AIRWAYS The carina is normally at the level of T4/T5. Embryology of Airways & Maldevelopment first 5 weeks GA lung buds grow from…

NONIONIC MONOMERS Construction:   benzoic acid carboxyl group replaced by amide; side chains have been modified by adding 4–6 hydroxyl (OH) groups → allows solubility in water Iodine concentration:   up to 350 mg/mL…