Fig. 35.1 (a) Exposed abdominal cavity with xenon light source, no auto-fluorescence is detected, ureters are not visible. (b) After an average of 8 min (subjects were evaluated in the…

Fig. 34.1 Imaging setup: The imaging instrumentation consists of the following parts: LED light source (left), filter1 for filtering out wavelengths over 800 nm, the object of imaging (bottom), operation…

Agent Wavelength (in nm) Porfimer sodium (Photofrin) 630 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) 665 Temoporfin (m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin, Foscan) 652 Talaporfin (mono-(L)-aspartylchlorin-e6, NPe6) 664 Endobronchial Lung Cancer Photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment of non-small lung cancer…

Fig. 13.1 Near-infrared imaging system. PhotoDynamic Eye has a single monochrome charge-coupled device (CCD) and outputs grayscale images (a). HyperEye Medical System has a single CCD which has red, green,…

Fig. 8.1 The earliest working prototype, dubbed “Gen-1” and referred to as the Spy-Scope Fig. 8.2 The Pinpoint System was commercially launched in January 2012 as the Pinpoint “Gen-2” Fig….

Fig. 15.1 Typical fluorescence imaging appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma. (a) Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of a resected specimen showing uniform (total) intra-lesion emission pattern (left panel). Resected specimen contained grayish-white…

Fig. 17.1 Intraoperative ICG fluorescence liver imaging technique shows bright signals in the primary HCC nodule (arrowheads). White broken lines show the planned resection line of liver. (a) A photograph…

Fig. 12.1 (a) ICG-Fluorescence imaging visualized the extrahepatic bile ducts in the hepatoduodenal ligament. (b) After ligation and division of the right hepatic artery and the right portal vein, ICG-fluorescence…

Fig. 3.1 Current methodology contains multiple possibilities of failure to accurately assess margin status. Pre-resection: The initial incision is based upon the surgeons’ best assessment of the tumor margins, however…

Fig. 5.1 Flowchart of the study procedures regarding the clinical experiments described in this chapter. With permission from: Schols RM, Bouvy ND, van Dam RM, Masclee AA, Dejong CH, Stassen…