Bone Density
Fig. 26.1 Rationale for measuring bone in children. Bone properties in children may predict childhood fractures as well as osteoporosis and fractures during adulthood Assessing bone deficiency in children is…
PEDIATRIC IMAGING
Normal Development
Fig. 2.1 Homogeneous appearance of femoral head cartilage in a 6-month-old. (a) Coronal T1-weighted (T1-W) image shows the epiphysis (asterisk) is of homogeneous intermediate signal intensity. (b) Coronal gradient echo…
Musculoskeletal Imaging Strategies and Controlling Radiation Exposure
Fig. 1.1 The first recorded image of an infant, published in the Archives of Clinical Skiagraphy in May 1896. Note the apparent situs inversus (no markers to indicate side) Imaging,…
The Shoulder: Congenital and Developmental Conditions
Middle third of clavicle, usually right Sternal segment usually larger, tapered, points anterosuperiorly Acromial segment smaller, bulbous, points superomedially Differential: birth trauma, nonunion of old fracture, cleidocranial dysostosis Congenital pseudarthrosis…
Germ Cell and Gonadal Tumours
Fig. 11.1 Mediastinal teratoma. (a) Axial and (b) coronal contrast-enhanced chest CT in a 2-year-old boy shows a mixed solid, cystic, fatty and calcific lesion occupying most of the left…
Tumors of the Adrenal Gland
Fig. 12.1 Three-dimensional CT reconstruction of an abdominal neuroblastoma in a 4-year-old boy. Segmentation of the neuroblastoma (in green) from the anterior pancreas (yellow), the posterior kidneys (orange–brown), and aorta…
Tumors of Lymphoid and Hematopoietic Tissues
Fig. 5.1 Basic structure of normal lymph node. (a) Schematic representation of the anatomy of a lymph node with the cortical, paracortical, and medullary regions. The cortex contains multiple follicles…
Malignant Renal Tumors
Classification for pediatric renal tumors Nephroblastic tumors Nephroblastoma (Wilms’ tumor) Favorable histology Anaplasia (diffuse or focal) Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastomatosis Cystic nephroma and cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma Mesoblastic nephroma Cellular…
Malignant Bone Tumors
Fig. 4.1 Plain film radiograph of conventional high grade osteosarcoma of the femur in a 14 year old girl. Note the osteoid matrix of the large soft tissue mass and…
Gastrointestinal, Pancreatic and Hepatic Malignancies in Children
Fig. 9.1 A 17-year-old female with appendiceal carcinoid. Transverse ultrasound shows an enlarged appendix (arrows) with surrounding echogenic fat. No discrete mass was identified even though at resection a 5…
