Chapter 15 Congenital Heart Disease Tara Bharucha, Luc Mertens In patients with congenital heart disease, a complete and accurate description of the morphologic abnormalities is crucial for determining appropriate management…

Chapter 12 Assessment of Left Ventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony Cliona Kenny, Mark J. Monaghan Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) has proven to be the most reliable and reproducible echocardiographic measure of left…

Chapter 11 Volumetric Assessment Carly Jenkins The rationale for the use of three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) in a clinical setting is growing stronger. The four main areas in which the value…

Chapter 4 Evaluation of the Aortic Valve Edward A. Gill Introduction The aortic valve is the third largest valve in the body, behind the tricuspid and mitral valves, and has…

Chapter 3 Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography Systems Ivan S. Salgo Introduction Technologic advances continue to propel cardiac visualization forward. Advances in miniaturization, computer processing, and algorithms continue to have significant momentum….

Chapter 2 Integration of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography in Routine Clinical Practice Lynn Weinert, Lissa Sugeng, Edward A. Gill Introduction Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) has been one of the most established and ubiquitous…

Chapter 5 Normal Mitral Valve Anatomy and Measurements Jennifer L. Dorosz, Ernesto E. Salcedo The complexity of the mitral valve is such that two-dimensional (2D) imaging does not adequately describe…

Chapter 6 Mitral Stenosis Edward A. Gill Introduction Mitral stenosis is quite uncommon in Western countries, yet it still is a frequent problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The low…

Chapter 10 Pulmonary Valve in Health and Disease Edward A. Gill The pulmonary valve is the smallest valve in the body and, in keeping with its size, plays a relatively…