Fig. 21.1 Normal lymph nodes . Note that both small (a) and large (b) lymph nodes are hypoechoic and maintain an elongated shape with a hyperechoic fatty hilum coursing centrally…

Fig. 4.1 Layout for 15 × 12 ft left-handed ultrasound procedure suite including on-site cytologic adequacy assessment. Note that clean and dirty sinks are required for CLIA licensing along with…

Fig. 42.1 A dual-probe handheld ultrasound unit is used in the linear, nonvascular setting to visualize a young woman’s thyroid in a primary care clinic. GE V-Scan used with permission…

Fig. 36.1 Thyroid monopolar RFA system. The patient is part of a closed-loop circuit that includes a radiofrequency generator, an electrode needle for ablation, a pump for cooling the electrode…

Fig. 35.1 US-guided ethanol ablation of a thyroid cyst. Basal US image of a left lobe thyroid cyst (B-mode, transverse view) (a). Needle insertion into the cyst using a needle…

Fig. 29.1 Liquid-based slide prepared on Thinprep machine and stained with Papanicolaou stain . The single slide provides a representative monolayer of the aspirated material Some liquid specimens can be…

Fig. 34.1 Positioning: The neck hyperextended after potential sites for the incision were mapped in the preoperative holding area 34.2 Thyroid Surgeons often review cervical ultrasonography results, whether performed by…

Sonographic pattern US features Estimated risk of malignancy, % FNA done for diagnosis size cutoff (largest dimension) High suspicion Solid hypoechoic nodule or solid hypoechoic component of a partially cystic…

Laboratory value Unit Normal reference range Calcium, serum mg/dl 8.3–10.4 Calcium, ionized mg/dl 4.57–5.21 Parathyroid hormone, intact (PTH) pg/ml 12–88 Phosphorus mg/dl 2.5–4.5 Creatinine mg/dl 0.6–1.5 Albumin g/dl 3.4–5.0 24…

Fig. 38.1 Understanding how to use the variety of features on a modern ultrasound machine will optimize imaging ability. A rectangular image is unable to fully encompass the width of…