and Fabio Triulzi2 (1) Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Children’s Hospital V. Buzzi, Milan, Italy (2) Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy Fabio Triulzi…
Preplacental hypoxia Hypoxic environment Maternal cardiovascular diseases Maternal anemia, infection, or chronic inflammation Utero-placental hypoxia Abnormal placenta implantation Preeclampsia Postplacental hypoxia Diminished uterine artery flow Progressive fetal cardiac failure Vascular…
Fig. 8.1 Fetal infection, unspecific signs on fetal MR. Parvovirus infection 25 GW: placental thickening and oligohydramnios (a, b). Toxoplasmosis, 22 GW: ascites (arrow c). Parvovirus infection 23 GW, fetal…
, Fabio Triulzi1 and Andrea Righini2 (1) Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy (2) Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology Department, Children’s Hospital V. Buzzi, Milan, Italy …
Fig. 6.1 Dural sinus malformation. Fetal MR study at 26 GW (a–c) shows a mass at the level of the torcular (arrows) with a diffuse hyperintense aspect on T1-weighted image…
Technique Description Stabilization Fusion (spondylodesis) Uniting portions of the spine via instrumentation and/or graft materials. A variety of approaches can be implemented (anterior, lateral, posterior, etc.) Distraction Halo, traction, interfacet,…
Fig. 10.1 Illustration of various types of tissue flaps. Fasciocutaneous (A). Musculomucosal (B). Myocutaneous (C). Bowel (D). Bone/osteomyocutaneous (E) Fig. 10.2 Temporalis flap. Axial (a) and coronal (b) T1-weighted MR…
Fig. 5.1 Brain shift. Preoperative FLAIR image (a) shows a hyperintense lesion in the right frontal lobe. Intraoperative FLAIR image (b) shows partial resection of the lesion and a change…
Fig. 8.1 The patient has a history of conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia. Lateral scout image (a) shows the BAHA device in position (arrow). Axial CT image (b)…
Fig. 12.1 MCA-STA bypass. The 3D MIP MRA (a) and 3D reformatted CTA image (b) show the superficial artery (arrows) entering the craniotomy and anastomosing with the prominent right superficial…
