(1) University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI, USA (2) University of Wisconsin-LaCrosse, LaCrosse, WI, USA KeywordsBeam flatnessBeam symmetryDigital readoutDoor interlockIonization chamberLight field/radiation field coincidenceOptical distance indicatorOutput constancyRotation…
Imaging of Other Tissues INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the sonographic appearance of other tissues is needed to appropriately identify structural relationships. Bone, skin, fat, cartilage, ligaments, arteries, and veins all have…
Understanding the Equipment The vast array of controls on most ultrasound machines can create anxiety for the beginner. Developing an understanding of the purpose of the instrumentation will facilitate the…
Imaging Nerve Ultrasound is an excellent modality for evaluation of peripheral nerve tissue. The high resolution and dynamic capabilities allow precise measurements of even subtle changes, detection of alteration of…
Imaging Muscle Ultrasound provides high-resolution images of muscle and can detect even subtle abnormalities. The dynamic capabilities of ultrasound allow identification of pathology not appreciable with static imaging. Ultrasound allows…
Imaging Tendon Ultrasound is an excellent imaging modality for assessing tendons. Evaluation of tendon and tendonopathy is one of the most frequent uses of ultrasound in musculoskeletal medicine. Tendons are…
Ultrasound Guidance for Injections Ultrasound is the ideal imaging modality for guiding most peripheral joint, tendon, and nerve injections. It allows visualization of both the needle and soft tissue target…
Physics of Ultrasound A comprehensive review of the physics used in ultrasonography is beyond the scope of this text. Despite this, some understanding of the basic physics used in ultrasound…
Doppler Imaging Doppler imaging provides an important complement to the gray scale image in routine B-mode ultrasound. It provides color signal with movement, making it particularly useful for assessing vascular…
