Postoperative imaging
Techniques Plain radiography Plain radiographs are often used in the postoperative abdomen to evaluate lines and tubes, bowel gas pattern, retained foreign bodies, and the presence of pneumoperitoneum. Fluoroscopy Fluoroscopic…
Solid adnexal lesions
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology Please see Chapter 33 . Imaging techniques and protocols Please see Chapter 33 . Specific disease processes A purely solid adnexal lesion is usually considered benign, with…
Pelvic floor disease
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The pelvic floor consists of the levator ani, the pelvic sphincters, and fascia that support the rectum, bladder and urethra, as well as the vagina, cervix,…
Endometrial/junctional zone thickening
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology The uterus is a hollow muscular organ of the female reproductive system with a shape and size similar to that of an upside-down pear in women of…
Adrenal gland enlargement and nodules
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The adrenal glands are multifunctioning, inverted Y-shaped, retroperitoneal endocrine glands normally located superior to the kidneys in the perirenal space ( Fig. 28.1 ). ◼ The…
Diffuse renal parenchymal disorders
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The renal parenchyma can be divided into an outer region called the cortex and an inner region called the medulla. ◼ Parenchymal abnormalities can be divided…
Solid renal lesions
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology Please see Chapter 23 for discussion. Techniques and protocols Please see Chapter 23 for discussion. Specific disease processes Benign solid lesions Oncocytoma ◼ An oncocyte is a…
Urothelial lesions
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ The urothelium is the mucosa composed of transitional epithelium that lines the renal calyces and pelvis, ureters, bladder, and much of the urethra. Further anatomic and…
Urinary tract obstruction
Anatomy, embryology, pathophysiology ◼ Urinary tract obstruction (UTO) is a commonly encountered clinical scenario that can affect all age groups. In the pediatric population, the underlying pathology is often congenital…
