Introduction The identification of carotid artery stenosis is the most common indication for cerebrovascular ultrasound. The majority of stenotic lesions occur in the proximal internal carotid artery (ICA); however, other…
Key wordsatherosclerosis, plaque, intima-media thickness, gray-scale median, ultrasound transducer, plaque ulceration, plaque calcification, echodensity, carotid arteries Introduction The ultrasound evaluation of carotid artery atherosclerosis has evolved over the years….
Introduction Because chronic liver disease and cirrhosis is the twelfth most common cause of death in the United States, evaluation of the liver and its vasculature is a very common…
Introduction Venous structure and function are different from their arterial counterparts. Although they both transport blood, the veins perform multiple different functions. Their tasks include transporting blood back to the…
Introduction Organ transplantation has become the treatment of choice for end-stage renal and liver disease with the exception of cases with diffuse metastatic liver disease or with hepatocellular carcinoma that…
Introduction Duplex and color Doppler imaging play an important role in the ultrasound evaluation of the female pelvis. Doppler is indispensable for the workup of many common problems. These techniques…
Introduction This chapter has two components: the first reviews the ultrasound assessment of the scrotal contents, and the second describes the role played by ultrasound in the diagnosis of penile…
Key wordsatherosclerosis, plaque, intima-media thickness, gray-scale median, ultrasound transducer, plaque ulceration, plaque calcification, echodensity, carotid arteries Introduction The ultrasound evaluation of carotid artery atherosclerosis has evolved over the years….
Introduction The upper extremity arterial system requires a different diagnostic approach than that used in the lower extremity. Although progression of focal atherosclerosis or acute arterial emboli are almost always…
Overview The current trends in vascular imaging are to increase the reliance on noninvasive approaches, to minimize complications linked to invasive imaging, and to reserve invasive techniques for therapeutic interventions….
