Radiology Key

IMAGING ANATOMY Overview • Vertebral artery (VA): 4 segments ○ V1 segment (extraosseous segment) – Arises from 1st part of subclavian artery – Courses posterosuperiorly to enter C6 transverse foramen…

TERMINOLOGY Synonyms • Internal jugular chain (IJC): Deep cervical chain • Spinal accessory chain (SAC): Posterior triangle chain • Transverse cervical chain: Supraclavicular chain • Anterior cervical chain: Prelaryngeal, pretracheal,…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Lipoma: Benign soft tissue tumor composed of mature adipose tissue Imaging • Subcutaneous location more common than subfascial (intra- or intermuscular) • Well-defined, oblong-shaped, encapsulated mass…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Cryptorchidism, cryptorchism • Definition: Incomplete descent of testis into base of scrotum Imaging • Unilateral or bilateral absence of testis in scrotum • Located anywhere from…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) ○ Term reserved for histopathologic pattern of smooth muscle and epithelial cell proliferation ○ Hyperplasia correct term since BPH is characterized by…

GROSS ANATOMY Overview • Body (corpus) : Upper 2/3 of uterus ○ Fundus: Superior to ostia of fallopian tubes • Cervix : Lower 1/3 of uterus ○ Isthmus: Junction of…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Complex heterogenous syndrome of ovulatory dysfunction, menstrual irregularity, and androgen excess • Rotterdam criteria for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) developed in 2003: 2 of 3 criteria…

IMAGING ANATOMY Overview • Rotator cuff ○ Consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis muscles, and tendons ○ Cuff tendons blend with shoulder joint capsule ○ Supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons…

KEY FACTS Terminology • Chronic, autoimmune-mediated lymphocytic inflammation of thyroid gland Imaging • Features vary with stages of disease (acute, chronic, end stage) and extent of involvement (diffuse or focal)…

EMBRYOLOGY AND ANATOMY Overview • Trachea separates from foregut and developing esophagus ○ Failure to separate results in tracheoesophageal fistula • Lungs go through several stages of development from primitive…