Embryonal Tumors Overview Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly differentiated, mitotically active, histologically and clinically aggressive, and highly cellular neoplasms and constitute the most common group…
Diffuse Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors Overview Diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors are diffuse gliomas comprising astrocytomas; oligodendrogliomas are the most common primary parenchymal neoplasms of the brain. The World Health…
Circumscribed Astrocytic Tumors Overview Circumscribed astrocytic tumors of the central nervous system are characterized by well-delineated margin on pathology and imaging and usually lack infiltrative changes in the neighboring brain….
Other Gliomas Overview There are three rare gliomas—chordoid glioma, angiocentric glioma, and astroblastoma—that do not fall into a specific glioma category or classification. Each has unique molecular and genetic profiles,…
Ependymal Tumors Overview Ependymal tumors of the CNS arise from the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain or the central canal of the spinal cord and can…
Choroid Plexus Tumors Overview Two types of choroid plexus tumors are presented—choroid plexus papilloma and choroid plexus carcinoma—both of which are strongly associated with familial cancer syndromes and primarily affect…
Tumors of the Sellar Region Overview The genetic underpinnings of adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas are very different, suggesting that they are each a distinct tumor entity although they share the…
Tumors of the Cranial and Paraspinal Nerves Overview Tumors of the cranial and paraspinal nerves are usually benign, slow-growing neoplasms composed of one or more elements of a nerve cell…
Tumors of the Pineal Region Overview Primary tumors of the pineal region are comprised largely of four different histologic subtypes—pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation (PPTID), pineoblastoma, and papillary…
Germ Cell Tumors Overview Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of central nervous system (CNS) tumors with morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic homologs of gonadal and other extra-CNS germ…
