fracture, cholesteatoma, paraganglioma, hemangioma, facial nerve schwannoma, metastasis, Bell palsy, otitis media • loss of lacrimation, hyperacusis, loss of taste C. EXTRACRANIAL PAROTID SEGMENTforceps delivery, penetrating facial trauma, parotid surgery, parotid malignancy,…
◊ Actinomycotic infections are polymicrobial! Pathogenesis: trauma / surgery / foreign body → disruption of mucosal barrier → bacterial entry into deep tissues → fibrotic lesion spreading beyond fascial planes → abscess…
= NO-FLOW / LOW-FLOW VASCULAR MALFORMATION= LYMPHATICOVENOUS MALFORMATION Prevalence: 3.5÷100,000; 1–2% of orbital childhood masses; 4–8% of expanding pediatric orbital lesions; 25% of vasculogenic orbital lesions Origin: arises from a pluripotent venous…
Fig. 1 (a) Axial T1-weighted post-contrast MRI demonstrates a homogeneously enhancing meningioma in the frontal falx cerebri causing mild mass effect on the adjacent frontal gyri (arrow). (b) Axial T1-weighted…
Fig. 1 A patient with standard-risk medulloblastoma. This patient was simulated using a 1.5 mm CT slice thickness. Note the coverage of the cribriform plate as part of the target…
Surgical neck management Definition Radical neck dissection En bloc removal of neck levels I–V, sternocleidomastoid, internal jugular vein, spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) Modified radical neck dissection Removal of neck…
