KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS A fetal neuroscan is not complete without a thorough examination of the orbits, the eyes, and their surroundings. Malformations of the eyes can…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS Many congenital anomalies of the brain do not derive from abnormal embryogenesis but are the consequence of destructive processes that may occur any…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS The most frequent craniofacial malformations are facial clefts. Different varieties exist. These conditions can be corrected surgically with good results. However, they are…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Prenatal diagnosis should be instituted accurately and early enough to achieve an excellent level of care of the obstetric patient. Ultrasonography, with its increasingly better resolution…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS Proliferation, neuronal migration, and organization occur relatively late in pregnancy and do not end until after delivery. Malformations of cortical development (MCD) may…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS Fetal brain tumors are rare and usually diagnosed only in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy or even only after delivery. Most types have…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS Data collected from Doppler velocity recordings using both spectral and color Doppler mode confirm the fundamental aspects of the fetoplacental circulation. Changes in…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS One of the most common and usually benign fetal brain tetralogy pathology. Easily detected due to its obvious anechoic appearance at places that…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen KEY POINTS A wide variety of congenital anomalies can affect the cerebellum. The antenatal findings overlap among different pathologies and normal variants. Consequently, a specific…