Radiology Key

Male Genital Tract Sonography is the imaging examination of choice for the study of most scrotal pathology (1,2,3,4). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used in…

Adrenal Glands, Pancreas, and Other Retroperitoneal Structures The retroperitoneum is bordered superiorly by the diaphragm, inferiorly by the pelvic brim, anteriorly by the parietal peritoneum, and posteriorly by the transversalis…

Female Genital Tract Sonography remains the imaging study of choice for the initial evaluation of most abnormalities of the pediatric pelvis, including the assessment of gynecologic masses, pelvic pain, ambiguous…

Urinary Tract Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of suspected or known abnormalities of the urinary tract in infants and children. Excretory urography, once the cornerstone for imaging…

Esophagus and Gastrointestinal Tract Plain radiographs are still the study of choice to evaluate suspected gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction. Contrast studies remain the imaging tool of choice for confirming the presence…

Spleen and Peritoneal Cavity SPLEEN The spleen is rarely the site of primary disease, but it is often secondarily involved by infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic conditions originating at other sites….

Liver, Biliary Tract, and Gallbladder DISEASES OF THE LIVER Ultrasonography generally is considered the imaging study of choice for the initial evaluation of pediatric liver disorders. If the sonogram is…

Heart The imaging evaluation of the infant or child with suspected heart disease begins with a chest radiograph followed by transthoracic echocardiography (1). In many lesions, echocardiography can accurately assess…

Lung, Pleura, and Chest Wall The conventional chest radiograph usually suffices for the detection and evaluation of most lung pathology. Despite its well-established role in detecting a wide spectrum of…

Mediastinum Evaluation of the mediastinum usually begins with chest radiography. The chest radiograph can confirm that there is a mediastinal abnormality and help localize it within the anterior, middle, or…