MR Imaging Features of Common Variant Spinal Anatomy
The spine is one of the most commonly imaged body parts for all age groups, with indications ranging from congenital abnormalities at birth to degenerative pathology toward the end of…
Bone Marrow
This article describes the composition of bone marrow and the normal progression of bone marrow changes as they occur throughout the aging process, and provides examples of pitfalls and variants…
Normal Variants and Pitfalls in MR Imaging of the Ankle and Foot
This article focuses on the variants and imaging pitfalls in the ankle and foot. MR of the musculoskeletal structure Great advances have been made in musculoskeletal radiology since the dawn…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Midfoot and Forefoot: Normal Variants and Pitfalls
Magnetic resonance imaging of the midfoot and forefoot are increasingly requested examinations for a variety of symptoms. This region has its own particular anatomic variants, which the interpreting radiologist needs…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pitfalls and Normal Variations: The Knee
This article reviews useful diagnostic criteria and imaging pitfalls more commonly encountered in the knee. Knowledge of the anatomy and pathologic conditions presented can lead to more accurate and useful…
Shoulder MR Imaging Normal Variants and Imaging Artifacts
The appearance of osseous, labral, hyaline cartilage, ligament, muscle, and tendon variants and pitfalls are discussed with attention to the keys to distinguishing each of the findings from pathologic lesions…
MR Imaging of the Hip: Normal Anatomic Variants and Imaging Pitfalls
MR imaging of the hip is one of the most common musculoskeletal MR imaging studies performed today to assess for occult fractures, acetabular labral tears, hyaline cartilage loss, and musculotendinous…
Pitfalls of Wrist MR Imaging
The radiologist serves as an indispensable consultant for those patients with wrist pain, by determining the causes of the pain and severity of the injury, helping to determine treatment options,…
Elbow Magnetic Resonance Imaging Variants and Pitfalls
Imaging variants of the elbow and pitfalls can be disconcerting and can lead to diagnostic mistakes. Inhomogeneities in the magnetic field and coil position can result in signal changes that…
