SKELETAL ABNORMALITIES
8.0 INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO SUSPECTED SKELETAL DYSPLASIAS The overall incidence of a lethal skeletal dysplasia is 1/10,000. A detailed fetal anatomic survey is required to satisfactorily…
THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
6.1 ANAL ATRESIA Print Section Listen EPIDEMIOLOGY/GENETICS Definition Anal atresia is the congenital absence of an anal opening. Epidemiology Occurrence is 1 5000 births (M3:F2). Embryology Anal atresia results from…
NECK AND FACE
7.1 CLEFT LIP AND PALATE Print Section Listen EPIDEMIOLOGY/GENETICS Definition A facial cleft involving the upper lip or palate, usually occurring to the left or right of midline, the cleft…
MISCELLANEOUS ABNORMALITIES
12.1 AMNIOTIC BAND SYNDROME Print Section Listen EPIDEMIOLOGY/GENETICS Definition Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare spectrum of congenital anomalies caused by entanglement of fetal parts, or disruption of anatomic…
INFECTIONS
9.1 CYTOMEGALIC INCLUSION DISEASE Print Section Listen EPIDEMIOLOGY/GENETICS Definition Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a large, enveloped DNA herpesvirus. Adult infection is frequently asymptomatic, but fetal infection may cause severe damage to…
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES OF ABNORMAL IN UTERO SONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS
ABDOMEN Print Section Listen Note: Items in bold represent most common diagnosis. ABDOMINAL CYST OR FLUID COLLECTION Dilated bladder Dilated bowel Hydroureter Ovarian cyst (in females) Renal cystic lesions, particularly…
SONOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF LESS-COMMON FETAL SYNDROMES/ASSOCIATIONS
Print Section Listen Aarskog syndrome (X-linked recessive) Hypertelorism Short nose Clinodactyly Brachydactyly Aase syndrome (autosomal dominant) Radial hypoplasia Cleft palate Ventricular septal defect Urogenital anomalies Acrocallosal syndrome (autosomal recessive) Agenesis…
