Vascular Ultrasound
Figure 14-1. B-mode image of normal arterial wall vs atherosclerotic arteries. Figure 14-2. Normal arterial waveform. Although much of this chapter is devoted to discussing the diagnosis of arterial disease,…
Genitourinary Ultrasound
Clinical Indications Renal ultrasonography is a commonly employed imaging technique with many useful applications. These include, but are not limited to, evaluation of hydronephrosis, detection and surveillance of nephrolithiasis, characterization…
Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia
Normal Anatomy The paravertebral space is a wedge-shaped region demarcated by the superior costo-transverse ligament (posterior border), parietal pleura (anterolateral border), and lateral surface of the transverse process (medial border)….
Trauma Ultrasound
Specific Indications Chest and cardiac trauma The majority of patients who sustain a penetrating cardiac injury do not survive to receive medical care due to exsanguinating hemorrhage. Hemodynamically unstable patients…
Ultrasound of the Pancreas
Figure 8-1. Schematic of pancreas anatomy. P = pancreas; D = duodenum; K = kidneys; S = spleen, and the asterisk (*) marks the superior mesenteric vein. (Reprinted with permission…
Hepatobiliary Ultrasound
Segmental Anatomy of the Hepatic Parenchyma An understanding of the segmental anatomy of the liver is fundamental to modern radiological investigation and surgical management of hepatic malignancy (Figure 7-1). The…
Critical Care Ultrasonography
Thoracic Ultrasonography Until recently ultrasonography of the lungs did not gain widespread acceptance, since its usefulness was questioned given the fact that ultrasound cannot transmit through air-filled spaces or penetrate…
Breast Ultrasound
TABLE 5-1 Indications for Breast Ultrasound Evaluation of a palpable mass or other signs/symptoms in the breast Evaluation of abnormalities on other imaging studies (such as mammography or MRI) Initial…
Anorectal Ultrasound
Normal Anatomy, Normal Ultrasound The normal anatomy of the anus can be evaluated through ultrasound with great accuracy. The structures include the anal mucosa, the internal anal sphincter (IAS), the…
Endoscopic Ultrasound: Foregut Including Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, and Pancreaticobiliary
EUS in the Esophagus Esophageal cancer The TNM classification (Table 11-1) is currently used for the staging of esophageal cancer1,2 and accurate staging is critical for directing patients to appropriate…
