Radiology Key

12 Trauma Traumatic Brain Injury Overview Head CT indications in the trauma setting: GCS <15 two hours after injury or any GCS deterioration Suspected skull fractures Signs of basal skull…

3 Stomach Gastric Neoplasms Overview Adenocarcinoma (>90%), gastric lymphoma (∼3% to 5%), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (∼3%) Clinical Presentation Weight loss, early satiety, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting Dysphagia if tumor…

7 Small Bowel Small Bowel Obstruction Overview Most commonly due to adhesions (70%) or incarceration of bowel within a hernia Other etiologies include small bowel tumor, volvulus, intussusception, and strictures…

6 Pancreas Acute Pancreatitis Overview The two most common causes are gallstones and alcohol Other etiologies include iatrogenic (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP]), drugs, trauma, neoplasm, hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, infections, idiopathic Signs…

5 Liver Pyogenic Abscess Spread via: • Biliary system (obstruction) Most common For example: cholangiocarcinoma, CBD stone • Hematogenous spread For example: appendicitis, diverticulitis Single abscess or multiple abscesses More…

2Hernias Hernias occur when there is an anatomical defect or an area that is weakened, allowing abdominal contents such as small bowel, omentum, etc. to herniate. KEY POINTS The most…

1 Esophagus Esophageal Carcinoma Overview Adenocarcinoma • Most common esophageal cancer in the United States • More common in the lower third of the esophagus Squamous cell carcinoma • Most…

10 Kidney Renal Cyst Overview Usually benign and found in population over the age of 50 years Signs and Symptoms Usually asymptomatic and incidentally found on imaging Diagnosis CT, ultrasound,…

11 Spleen Splenic Artery Aneurysm Overview Most common visceral artery aneurysm Third most common intra-abdominal aneurysm after abdominal aortic aneurysm and iliac artery aneurysm Risk factors include collagen vascular disorder,…

4 Gallbladder Gallbladder Disease Overview Cholesterol gallstones (85%) are the most common • Risk factors: Four Fs (female, fertile, fat, and forty) • Due to imbalance between bile, lecithin, and…