Radiology Key

Dual Source CT z-Flying Focal Spot Several techniques have been established that can provide submillimeter resolution with short breath holds, even in routine protocols. The entire x-ray tube rotates in…

Anatomy in Coronal MPRs The images on the next four pages illustrate the sectional anatomy of the abdomen as it appears in coronal reconstructions. These multiplanar reconstructions (MPRs) can be…

CT-Guided Interventions It is not always possible to determine the nature of a lesion from CT appearance and densitometry alone. In these cases, needle biopsies may be carried out under…

Radiation Safety The physical radiation dose D (energy absorbed per unit mass) is expressed in Gray (Gy), used for any type of radiation and also in the radiation therapy of…

Cranial CT: Normal Findings The scan usually begins at the base of the skull and continues upward. Since the hard copies are oriented such that the sections are viewed from…

Cervical Pathology Enlarged cervical LNs ( Fig. 70.1a ) appear conspicuously as isolated nodular masses (6) that cannot be followed into adjacent levels (see p. 15). Large lymphomas (7) or…

Cervical CT Whenever there is no contraindication, CT examinations of the neck are carried out after i.v. administration of CM. Malignant and inflammatory processes can be depicted more accurately with…

Cranial Pathology After having discussed that partial volume effects due to asymmetric projections (i.e., 55b in Fig. 54.2b ) may be misinterpreted as acute hematomas, this chapter will point out…

Physical and Technical Fundamentals General Principles of CT Computed tomography is a special type of x-ray procedure that involves the indirect measurement of the weakening, or attenua-tion, of x-rays at…