Abusive head trauma: parenchymal injury
Figure 19.1 Delayed necrosis on DWI in a two-month-old infant. This child presented with encephalopathy and respiratory failure requiring intubation. An outside CT was performed due to the encephalopathy and…
Miscellaneous forms of abuse and neglect
Figure 23.1 Inflicted fracture and neglect in a disabled child. AP view of the humerus in a one-year-old child with Down syndrome receiving physical therapy for spasticity demonstrates a mature…
Skeletal trauma: general considerations
High specificity* CMLs Rib fractures, especially posteromedial Scapular fractures Spinous process fractures Sternal fractures Moderate specificity Multiple fractures, especially bilateral Fractures of different ages Epiphyseal separations Vertebral body fractures and…
The skeleton: structure, growth and development, and basis of skeletal injury
Figure 1.1 Proximal femur from an older child demonstrating the cortex, medullary cavity, growth plates, apophysis, and articular surface. Tan-white and smooth-surfaced, bones are the hardest and strongest structures of…
Differential diagnosis V: obstetric trauma
Figure 11.1 Obstetric clavicle and contralateral humerus fractures. A term 9-lb, 2-oz. infant with shoulder dystocia delivered by vacuum extraction. AP radiograph of the chest reveals a displaced fracture of…
The physics and biology of magnetic resonance imaging: medical miracle anyone?
Figure 29.1 Though MR scanners are primarily used to make images of humans for medical diagnoses, they can also produce exquisite images of the complex tissue water structures within vegetables…
Radiologic image formation: physical principles, technology, and radiation dose considerations
Metric Metric definition Old units SI units Conversion factor Exposure Ionization per unit mass of air Roentgen (R) Coulombs/kilogram (C/Kg) 1 R = 2.58 × 10–4 C/Kg Air Kerma Kinetic…
Differential diagnosis III: osteogenesis imperfecta
Type I Milder phenotype Normal or close to normal stature Hearing loss in ~50% Demineralization Wormian bones Group 1A: blue sclerae normal teeth Group 1B: dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) Type II*…
Differential diagnosis IV: accidental trauma
Figure 10.1 Toddler’s fracture. AP view of the right tibia in a nine-month-old infant who fell from the bed shows a nondisplaced oblique fracture (arrows) of the distal tibial metaphysis….
Quality assurance and radiographic skeletal survey standards
Figure 30.1 Novel variation of the “babygram” obtained with three separate radiographic exposures on a single 14 × 17-inch field. Each upper extremity, including a portion of the hemithorax, as…
