Upper Cervical Spine MRI
Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential modality in evaluating the ligamentous and soft tissue elements of the upper cervical spine. This region has horizontally oriented facets and no…
Future Trends in Spinal Imaging
Introduction Imaging methods of the spine have greatly expanded since the advent of X-rays for the use of plain radiographs (c.1895), providing anatomical clarity for diagnosis and treatment of the…
Radiographic Evaluation of the Upper Cervical Spine
Introduction The upper cervical spine contains the craniocervical junction (CCJ), the atlas or C1, and the axis or C2. A large proportion of overall cervical motion comes from the upper…
Clinical Correlations to Specific Phenotypes and Measurements With Classification Systems
Source of Funding The authors received no outside funding for the work presented in this chapter. Conflict of Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest related to the subject…
12 General Anatomy of the Heart
Farhood Saremi and Damián Sánchez-Quintana 12 General Anatomy of the Heart Introduction This chapter provides a general description of the heart anatomy and offers an outline of the relevant clinical…
19 The Coronary Veins
Farhood Saremi and Damián Sánchez-Quintana 19 The Coronary Veins Introduction The literature for coronary veins, in contrast to that for coronary arteries, is scarce. Moreover, a complete, highly efficient and…
18 Coronary Arteries and Myocardial Perfusion
Farhood Saremi 18 Coronary Arteries and Myocardial Perfusion Introduction Knowledge of gross anatomy and microcirculation of the coronary arterial system is important not only to address the spatial location of…
13 Atrioventricular Septal Region
Shumpei Mori, Diane E. Spicer, and Robert H. Anderson 13 Atrioventricular Septal Region Introduction The anatomy of the base of the ventricular mass is markedly complex. Several important structures, including…
20 The Pericardium
Farhood Saremi 20 The Pericardium Introduction The lungs and the heart reside in separate compartments within the thoracic cavity. The lobes of the lung are located in two pleural cavities…
1 Thoracic Wall
Farhood Saremi and Damián Sánchez-Quintana 1 Thoracic Wall Introduction The thoracic (chest) wall is composed of the rib cage, inner and outer muscles, vessels, lymphatics, fascia, and skin. The rib…
