Neuroendocrine Hyperplasia and Pulmonary Tumorlets Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Normal lung tissue contains scattered neuroendocrine (Kulchitsky) cells within the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. These cells play a role in the…
Etiology, Prevalence, and Epidemiology Pulmonary hamartomas are benign neoplasms, probably derived from bronchial wall mesenchymal cells. Hamartomas are the most common benign pulmonary neoplasm and account for about 8% of…
A variety of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMB) can cause pulmonary infections, with important differences in epidemiology, microbiology, host response, and treatment options across the various species. The severity of an infection…
Background Lung cancer is the third most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The most important risk factor for lung cancer is smoking,…
Congenital malformations of the pulmonary vessels include absence or interruption, abnormal sizes, origins, or courses, and abnormal connections of the pulmonary arteries or veins. These abnormalities commonly accompany other congenital…
Congenital lung disease remains a confusing topic owing to ever-changing histopathologic understanding of the various entities and frequent updates to antiquated clinical and pathologic classification schemes. Past classifications have been…
Diseases that cause a decrease in lung density result in increased radiolucency (hyperlucency) on chest radiography and decreased attenuation on computed tomography (CT). Decreased lung density may result from obstructive…
Many diseases involve predominantly or exclusively the pulmonary interstitium. The differential diagnosis of the various entities on the chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) is based on the pattern and…
Solitary Lung Nodule or Mass A pulmonary nodule is defined as any pulmonary lesion that is well-defined, discrete, approximately circular, and 3 cm or less in diameter. The term mass is…
