Fig. 16.1 Flowchart for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases that may affect the spinal cord. Intramedullary processes cause variable neurologic symptoms that can range from mild sensory disturbances to…
Metabolic brain disorders generally result from a disturbance of normal metabolic processes involving defects in the synthesis or breakdown of certain substances. Clinical manifestations are usually based on the site…
Clinical presentation (attacks) Objective clinical lesions Additional criteria needed 2 or more 2 or more None; clinical evidence for multiple sclerosis will suffice 2 or more 1 Dissemination in space…
Diseases of the peripheral nervous system are the most common neurologic disorders. The basic diagnostic workup of neuromuscular diseases and peripheral neuropathies relies on the clinical examination supplemented by electrophysiologic…
Brain Tumors O. Jansen and A. C. Rohr 3.1 Introduction Various criteria can be used in the classification of intracranial tumors. It is common, for example, to classify brain tumors by…
Case 1: PI-RADS 2 Lesion Corresponding to High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia 12.1.1 History A 58-year-old man with a rising PSA level (4.1 ng/mL) and no prior prostate biopsy ( ▶ Fig….
American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical TNM staging classification of prostate cancer. Stage definition Primary tumor (T) clinical Tx Primary tumor cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary…
Clinical Background on Prostate Cancer Recurrence Radical prostatectomy (RP) remains the most common primary treatment for primary localized prostate cancer (PCa) and offers definitive cure in most patients. Primary whole…
What is Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI? Angiogenesis is a key step for cancer growth and is characterized by blood vessel proliferation that is induced in response to high needs for oxygen…
Hardware Requirements 3.2.1 Field Strength Though initially established at 1.5 T, 1 mpMRI of the prostate is increasingly performed at 3.0 T in both clinical and research settings. 2, 3 The…
