Sonoporation: Concept and Mechanisms
Fig. 10.1 Pictographic essay of sonoporation for drug and gene delivery (Adapted from Servier Medical Art, www.servier.fr) The first experiments on sonoporation date back to the 1980s, where various ultrasound…
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Sonoporation: Applications for Cancer Therapy
Fig. 15.1 Schematic summary of the transvascular-interstitial-transmembrane pathway in USMB-mediated drug delivery. (a) Potential mechanisms responsible for the passage across the vessels include creation of temporary gaps between vascular endothelial…
Ultrasound-Mediated Polymeric Micelle Drug Delivery
Fig. 20.1 Ultrasound cavitation 20.2.3 Ultrasound Sonochemistry Ultrasound has been used to invent novel chemical reactions and to enhance the reaction rate. This is called sonochemistry. Ultrasonic cavitation converts acoustics…
Prostate Focused Ultrasound Therapy
Fig. 2.1 Ablatherm® integrated imaging device The lateral position of the treatment allows gas bubbles produced in the coupling liquid during heating of the prostate to rise by buoyancy to…
Microbubble-Assisted Ultrasound for Drug Delivery in the Brain and Central Nervous System
Fig. 16.1 The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is composed of endothelial cells that are connected to each other via tight junctions. The endothelial cells are supported by the cells of the…
Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Breast Cancer
Fig. 4.1 Dynamic contrast-enhanced bilateral 3 T MRI with fat suppression showing a mass in the right breast with an irregular enhancement pattern (a). The lesion has suspect enhancement kinetics…
HIFU Tissue Ablation: Concept and Devices
Fig. 1.1 (a) Schematic diagram showing the principle of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). (b) Slice of ex-vivo bovine showing a HIFU lesion. (c) Histological section showing the sharp demarcation…
MRI-Guided HIFU Methods for the Ablation of Liver and Renal Cancers
Fig. 3.1 Obstruction of the acoustic beam path by the thoracic cage. As the left illustration displays, only the caudal part of the kidneys can be reached by an extracorporeal…
Design of Microbubbles for Gene/Drug Delivery
Fig. 11.1 Illustration of the physical mechanisms underlying the biological effect of soft or hard shell Ultrasound Contrast Agents (Adapted from Kiessling et al. 2014) 11.2.3 Drug Delivery with UCA…
Microbubbles and Ultrasound: Therapeutic Applications in Diabetic Nephropathy
Model Model establishment Advantages Disadvantages STZ Wei et al. (2003) Type 1: chemical toxicity of STZ to target insulin-producing β cells Inexpensive; can be established in different strains; easy to…
