10.1055/b-0034-87941 Tumors and Focal Bone, Joint, and Soft-Tissue Lesions The average annual incidence rate of primary bone sarcomas is approximately 8.7 per million children younger than 20 years of age,…
10.1055/b-0034-87936 Diaphysis (Long Bones): Bowing Bowing may be congenital or acquired. The direction of bowing of the tibia may suggest the etiology. Anterolateral bowing of the tibia is associated with…
10.1055/b-0034-87935 Diaphysis (Long Bones): Alterations in Shaft Width Slender Diaphysis Neuromuscular and soft-tissue diseases lead to skeletal atrophy with osteopenia. Table 5.55 Diaphysis—overtubulation: slender, thin, and gracile bones Diagnosis Findings…
10.1055/b-0034-87937 Hands and Feet: Vocabulary to Describe Deformities of Hands and Feet Table 5.58 Vocabulary to describe deformities of hands and feet Diagnosis Findings Comments Adactyly Fig. 5.96 Absence of…
10.1055/b-0034-87939 Hands and Feet: Osseous Alterations Table 5.60 Hands and feet: alterations in size, shape, contour, or architecture Diagnosis Findings Comments Osteosclerosis Fig. 5.101 Increased focal density with a narrow…
10.1055/b-0034-87938 Hands and Feet: Brachydactyly Brachydactyly may be isolated or associated with a syndrome. Isolated forms of brachydactyly have been typed A1–5, B, C, D, E, IV, Sugarman brachydactyly, and…
10.1055/b-0034-87940 Hands and Feet: Soft-Tissue Alterations Table 5.66 Hands and feet: soft-tissue calcifications (localized) Diagnosis Posttraumatic Iatrogenic Myositis ossificans Fig. 5.107 Fig. 5.108a–c Hemangioma Fig. 5.109a–c, p. 570 Lipoma Subcutaneous…
10.1055/b-0034-87942 Periosteal Reaction The periosteum is a membrane that covers the majority of bone except at locations at and near cartilage. How periosteum responds to stimuli (e.g., trauma, infection, metabolic…
10.1055/b-0034-87943 Bone Marrow Patterns Table 5.88 Bone marrow: foci of increased T2-weighted signal intensity Diagnosis Findings Comments Normal variation in residual red marrow and/or vascular channels Fig. 5.170a, b Fig….
10.1055/b-0034-87944 Changes in Bone Density: Increased Table 5.91 Bone density: increased density (osteosclerosis) Diagnosis Findings Comments Osteosclerosis of premature infants and neonates Generalized increased density of all the bones. Physiologic…
