Radiology Key

Abdominal Aorta and Branches The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm, anterior to and at the level of the lower portion of the 12th thoracic vertebra,…

Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis The external iliac vein is the continuation of the femoral vein; it begins at the inguinal ligament, and joins the internal iliac vein, thereby…

Arteries of the Lower Extremity The common femoral artery is the continuation of the external iliac artery. It begins at the level of the inguinal ligament and ends when it…

Veins of the Lower Extremity The veins of the lower extremities may be divided in two main groups: deep and superficial. The superficial veins are found under the skin in…

Lymphatic System of the Lower Extremity The superficial lymphatic vessels drain the superficial tissues, beginning in lymphatic plexuses beneath the skin. The foot is drained by a group of larger…

Lymphatic System of the Abdomen and Pelvis There are three main groups of lumbar lymph nodes: the preaortic, lateral aortic (right and left), and retroaortic. The preaortic receives drainage from…

Heart and Coronary Arteries The heart is an organ that is asymmetrically situated in the mediastinum. It is protected by a mesodermal derived structure, the pericardial sac, consisting of two…

Arteries of the Pelvis The right and left iliac arteries have been described as the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta (Fig. 19.1). The abdominal aorta bifurcates at the level…

Arteries of the Upper Extremity This artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk at the right side, from the division of the brachiocephalic trunk (part I), behind the right sternoclavicular joint…