Cystic Fibrosis
Complete fatty infiltration and replacement of parenchyma (often by end of teenage years) Pancreatic cysts: Usually small (< 3 mm), but can be larger and can completely replace pancreas (cystosis)…
Iatrogenic Injury: Feeding Tubes
Small, soft enteric tubes Some with flexible metallic tips Tip of feeding tube should be located beyond stomach (distal duodenum or jejunum) • Nasogastric tubes Large-bore, moderately stiff Used for temporary…
Splenic Cyst
Solitary, well-defined, water density, unilocular cystic lesion – Thin wall with sharp interface to normal splenic tissue – No peripheral/intracystic enhancement or solid component Some cysts can have septations, trabeculations, thick wall,…
Esophageal Achalasia
“Bird beak” deformity: Dilated esophagus with smooth, symmetric, tapered narrowing at esophagogastric region Transient flow of fluid into stomach when hydrostatic pressure of fluid column exceeds tonic LES pressure Length…
Small Intestine Transplantation
Usually for liver failure due to chronic TPN • Donor bowel has copious lymphoid tissue and bacteria Higher prevalence of rejection and infectious complications than solid visceral transplants IMAGING • Vascular complications:…
Mucocele of the Appendix
Mucosal hyperplasia (simple mucocele) Mucinous cystadenoma (most common) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (↑ risk of perforation) • Pseudomyxoma peritonei Due to rupture of mucocele, usually malignant rather than benign mucocele Peritoneal cavity filled…
Intestinal Scleroderma
Smooth muscle is replaced by fibrous tissue • Gastrointestinal tract: Most common internal organ system involvement (80-90%) Esophagus > duodenum > anorectal > small bowel > colon • Small bowel Marked dilatation…
Imaging Approach to the Biliary System
(Left) Oblique grayscale ultrasound of gallbladder (GB) shows a distended gallbladder lumen with diffuse wall thickening , multiple gallstones , and pericholecystic fluid . Sonographic Murphy sign was positive. These…
Tuberculosis
Abdominal lymphadenopathy is most common • Lymphadenopathy (tuberculous lymphadenitis) Enlarged, centrally necrotic nodes with hypoattenuating centers and hyperattenuating enhancing rims Nodes often calcify after healing • Tuberculosis peritonitis Variables amounts of free…
Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst
Loculated cystic mass with “spiderweb” pattern due to peritoneal adhesions reflecting from ovary Fine septations throughout collection Normal ovary at center or lateral margin of cyst No solid mural or…
