Radiology Key

HEART SIZE Cardiothoracic Ratio =  CT ratio = widest transverse cardiac diameter ÷ widest inside thoracic diameter < 0.5 = normal in > 1 month old (45% sensitive, 85% specific, 59%…

=  INFRAORBITAL ETHMOIDAL AIR CELL = MAXILLOETHMOIDAL / ORBITOMAXILLARY CELL =  anterior ethmoid air cells inferolateral to ethmoidal bulla, on lateral wall of infundibulum, along inferior margin of orbit / roof of…

Histo:   fine connective tissue + cellular septa link pia and arachnoid ›  contains CSF that drains through the valves of arachnoid granulations into venous sinuses ›  forms basal cisterns 3.   Pia mater [ pia…

Pediatric Dose Actual doses for pediatric patients may vary in different institutions based on empirical data. As rough guidelines use: 1.   Clark’s rule (body weight): DosePed =   Body weight [in lbs] /…

LIVER Functional Segmental Liver Anatomy based on distribution of 3 major hepatic veins: (a)  middle hepatic vein divides liver into right and left lobe; also separated by main portal vein scissura…

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE Incidence of CHD in Liveborn Infants Overall incidence:   8–9÷1000 livebirths ◊  Most common CHD: bicuspid aortic valve (2%) [usually not recognized before late infancy / childhood] ◊  ASD + VSD…

•  Ashkenazi Jewish women + nuns •  upper > lower social class •  unmarried > married women •  Whites > Blacks after age 40 REPRODUCTIVE VARIABLES in BREAST CANCER •  nulliparous > parous: •  first full-term…

=  from nasion to anterior angle of bregma [bregma, Greek = top of head] Closure:   by 3 months – 6 years of age; in up to 10% open until adulthood Sutura frontalis…

into subcutaneous tissue Breast Edema 1.   Lymphatic obstruction: extensive axillary / intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, mediastinal / anterior chest wall tumor, axillary surgery, SVC syndrome, filariasis, intestinal lymphangiectasia 2.   Skin disorder: psoriasis, burns 3.   Generalized…

AMYLOIDOSIS =  extracellular deposits of insoluble fibrillar protein (most commonly amyloid AL = light chain) in myocardial interstitium Incidence:   AL amyloidosis (50%); AA amyloidosis (2%);isolated myocardial amyloid deposition (in 25% of autopsied…