Consolidation and Atelectasis W. Richard Webb Recognizing consolidation and atelectasis is fundamental to an understanding of pulmonary radiology. AIR-SPACE CONSOLIDATION Air-space consolidation represents replacement of alveolar air by fluid, blood,…
Congenital Bronchopulmonary Lesions W. Richard Webb A variety of congenital abnormalities may involve the bronchi, lung and it vascular supply. They often have characteristic plain film and computed tomography (CT)…
Transesophageal Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult Pablo Motta and Wanda C. Miller-Hance INTRODUCTION The spectrum of congenital heart disease (CHD) seen in the adult varies widely. Malformations…
Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics Andrew Maslow and Albert C. Perrino, Jr. When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it;…
Left Ventricular Systolic Performance and Pathology Shahnaz Punjani and Susan Garwood OF ALL THE INDICATIONS FOR echocardiography, the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function is perhaps the most common;…
Prosthetic Valves Albert T. Cheung and Scott C. Streckenbach INTRODUCTION The first successful artificial heart valves were implanted in 1960. Starr implanted a Starr–Edwards caged-ball valve in a patient with…
Mitral Valve Repair Maurice Hogan and Jörg Ender INDICATIONS Mitral valve (MV) regurgitation is the most prevalent isolated heart valve disease (1), and valve repair or replacement remains the only…
Transesophageal Echocardiography of the Thoracic Aorta Roman M. Sniecinski ALTHOUGH SIMPLE IN STRUCTURE, THE thoracic aorta is a crucial component of the routine perioperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination. Pathologies such…
Transesophageal Echocardiography for Coronary Revascularization Donna L. Greenhalgh, Justiaan L.C. Swanevelder INTRODUCTION TEE provides an astutely trained clinician with essential information which can significantly influence clinical management and improve patient…
Common Artifacts and Pitfalls of Clinical Echocardiography Fabio Guarracino and Albert C. Perrino, Jr. CLINICALLY IMPORTANT IMAGING ARTIFACTS RESULT from the interplay of the ultrasound system, the patient, and the…
