Fig. 16.1 The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is composed of endothelial cells that are connected to each other via tight junctions. The endothelial cells are supported by the cells of the…
Fig. 1.1 (a) Schematic diagram showing the principle of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). (b) Slice of ex-vivo bovine showing a HIFU lesion. (c) Histological section showing the sharp demarcation…
Fig. 4.1 Dynamic contrast-enhanced bilateral 3 T MRI with fat suppression showing a mass in the right breast with an irregular enhancement pattern (a). The lesion has suspect enhancement kinetics…
Fig. 3.1 Obstruction of the acoustic beam path by the thoracic cage. As the left illustration displays, only the caudal part of the kidneys can be reached by an extracorporeal…
Fig. 11.1 Illustration of the physical mechanisms underlying the biological effect of soft or hard shell Ultrasound Contrast Agents (Adapted from Kiessling et al. 2014) 11.2.3 Drug Delivery with UCA…
Model Model establishment Advantages Disadvantages STZ Wei et al. (2003) Type 1: chemical toxicity of STZ to target insulin-producing β cells Inexpensive; can be established in different strains; easy to…
Stage T N M Median Survival, months Description IA T1 N0 M0 24.1 Tumor limited to the pancreas, ≤2 cm in greatest dimension, resectable IB T2 N0 M0 20.6 Tumor…
Fig. 22.1 Jablonski diagram outlining the photochemical processes involved in PDT Upon absorption (ABS) of light energy by the sensitizer, an electron is promoted from the singlet ground state (S0)…
Fig. 18.1 The representative cascade of events involved in sonoporation for gene therapy is as follows. Externally applied acoustic energy disrupts the intravascular acoustic microspheres, generating transient porosity within the…
Fig. 6.1 The skull bone. A complex medium for transcranial ultrasonic propagation Sound speed within the skull bone ranges between 1500 m/s in the liquid phase of porous regions, and…
