Approach to the Patient with Shortness of Breath

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Approach to the Patient with Shortness of Breath

Introduction Patients presenting with undifferentiated shortness of breath can be challenging because their presentations can have many potential etiologies: pulmonary, cardiac, mixed cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurologic, or other noncardiopulmonary reasons. It…

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Ultrasound-Guided Procedures

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Ultrasound-Guided Procedures

Pericardiocentesis Introduction Performing a pericardiocentesis in an unstable patient with cardiac tamponade is a lifesaving procedure. Pericardial fluid is a common finding on point-of-care echocardiography examination and can occur from…

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Peripheral Veins and Arteries

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Peripheral Veins and Arteries

Peripheral Artery Disease Patients may present with acute or chronic lower extremity arterial insufficiency. Chronic lower extremity arterial insufficiency is typically secondary to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a gradual, degenerative disease…

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Kidney and Renal Transplant

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Kidney and Renal Transplant

Normal Anatomy Kidneys The kidneys are retroperitoneal structures and are surrounded by fascial layers, including Gerota’s fascia. There is direct supply of the renal arteries and veins to the kidney…

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Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain

Introduction Undifferentiated chest pain presents a diagnostic dilemma because there are many potential causes, with some etiologies being imminently life threatening. These diagnoses often cannot be determined by history or…

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Nerve Blocks

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Nerve Blocks

Introduction Single-injection ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks (USGNBs) are ideal for pain relief from acute injuries and adjunct analgesic for painful procedures. By injecting local anesthetic adjacent to the nerve, both…

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Gallbladder and Biliary

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Gallbladder and Biliary

The Gallbladder Normal Anatomy The normal anatomy of the gallbladder, biliary tract, and surrounding organs is presented in Fig. 17.1 . The gallbladder is connected via the cystic duct to…

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Venous Access

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Venous Access

Introduction Since 2001 the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) have recommended the use of ultrasound guidance for the placement of…

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Lower Abdomen and Bowel

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Lower Abdomen and Bowel

Bowel Ultrasound Normal Anatomy The small bowel consists of the bowel distal to the stomach and proximal to the colon. It is approximately 5 meters long and includes the duodenum,…

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Male Pelvis

Mar 19, 2020 by in ULTRASONOGRAPHY Comments Off on Male Pelvis

Scrotum Normal Anatomy The surface of the testis is surrounded by the tunica vaginalis, which extends to the inner surface of the scrotal wall in continuity. A trace amount of…

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