Radiology Key

Volume Description Gross tumor volume (GTV) Pre-chemotherapy/surgery GTV (GTVp) Contains gross tumor volume as identified on diagnostic imaging prior to chemotherapy and/or surgery Post-chemotherapy/surgery GTV (GTVr) Contains gross tumor volume…

Fig. 1 Primary lymphatic sites of bladder carcinoma: Distribution of positive nodes after cystectomy and PLND in 60 patients. The noted areas are the external iliac (Ia) distal and (Ib)…

(1) Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (2) Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto/Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON   1 Anatomy and…

  Pelvic lymphnodes (%) Para-aortic lymph nodes (%) Low risk <5 <5 Medium risk 5–10 <5 High risk >10 >10 Adapted from Creasman et al. (1987) GOG Gynecologic Oncology Group…

Fig. 1 Axial T2 sequence without fat suppression for staging of rectal cancer. The mesorectal fat surrounds the rectum and is enclosed within the mesorectal fascia (yellow arrows). In the…

Fig. 1 Standard WBRT fields. Conventional opposed lateral fields are rotated slightly off-axis (RAO/LAO) (red/green) to create coplanar anterior field edges which do not diverge into the lenses. (a) Beam’s…

Fig. 1 Arterial supply and venous drainage of the thyroid gland. The superior and inferior thyroid arteries (STA and ITA) arise from the external carotid arteries and the thyrocervical trunks,…

Fig. 1 CT anatomy of the larynx. (a) Sagittal CT of the larynx. The pre-epiglottic space is anterior to the epiglottis and superior to the vocal folds. It is contiguous…

Location of primary tumor Draining lymphatics Distal anal canal, perianal skin, and anal verge Superficial inguinal lymph nodes Femoral nodes External iliac nodes Anal canal just proximal to dentate line…

Fig. 1 Mountain-Dresler lymph node staging system (from Mountain and Dresler (1997), with permission) 2 Diagnostic Workup Relevant for Target Volume Delineation Target volume delineation for NSCLC is dependent on…