Fig. 21.1 Introital cyst. A 10-month-old girl with a persistent vaginal cyst. Intraoperative injection of contrast demonstrated the vaginal cyst (arrow). The cyst was unroofed Fig. 21.2 Ectopic ureterocele. A…
Fig. 8.1 This fetal sonogram reveals mild, bilateral hydronephrosis, in the sagittal (a) and transverse planes (b), measuring 5 mm in anterior-to-posterior dimensions, at 29 weeks gestation, with a normal,…
Fig. 4.1 (a–d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing renal scars in a 3-year-old girl with reflux nephropathy. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) radionuclide scan comparative coronal levels (1, 2) are shown [37]…
Fig. 14.1 Normal bladder. Normal bladder full and after voiding: transverse views of the bladder before (a) and after voiding (b) demonstrate the normal appearance of the bladder. Notice how…
Fig. 16.1 Normal infant adrenal gland – US. Longitudinal ultrasound image of the right adrenal gland (a) and transverse ultrasound image of the left adrenal gland (b) in a 2-month-old…
Modality Pro Con Relative expense Radiography Universally available Small radiation dose $ Fluoroscopy Physiologic, dynamic visualization of anatomy Higher radiation dose $$ Ultrasound No radiation, dynamic visualization of anatomy Operator…
Fig. 2.1 (a) An example of an A-mode scan. The received echo amplitude is plotted against time of transmission which is proportional to the depth. (b) In B-mode, the received…
Fig. 18.1 A 2 ½-year-old with a history of “megaureter” being followed for upper tract dilation. There is significant progression of left-sided dilation between September 30, 2008 (top), and February…
Fig. 12.1 Acute pyelonephritis in the upper pole of the left kidney of a 5-week-old male with urosepsis. (a) Longitudinal sonogram shows hyperechoic left upper pole with loss of corticomedullary…
Estimation of renal plasma flow (GFR/global renal function) Evaluation of renal cortical lesions (pyelonephritis, scarring) Estimation of differential renal function (DRF) Evaluation of urinary drainage, diagnosis of renal obstruction Evaluation…
