Head Trauma
Head Trauma W. Wiesmann 4.1 Introduction and Epidemiology The incidence of head trauma requiring hospitalization is estimated at 200 to 300 cases per 100,000 population per year. Children under 15 years old…
Inflammations, Infections, and Related Diseases
Fig. 16.1 Flowchart for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases that may affect the spinal cord. Intramedullary processes cause variable neurologic symptoms that can range from mild sensory disturbances to…
Metabolic Disorders
Metabolic brain disorders generally result from a disturbance of normal metabolic processes involving defects in the synthesis or breakdown of certain substances. Clinical manifestations are usually based on the site…
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Diseases
Clinical presentation (attacks) Objective clinical lesions Additional criteria needed 2 or more 2 or more None; clinical evidence for multiple sclerosis will suffice 2 or more 1 Dissemination in space…
Diseases of the Peripheral Nervous System
Diseases of the peripheral nervous system are the most common neurologic disorders. The basic diagnostic workup of neuromuscular diseases and peripheral neuropathies relies on the clinical examination supplemented by electrophysiologic…
Brain Tumors
Brain Tumors O. Jansen and A. C. Rohr 3.1 Introduction Various criteria can be used in the classification of intracranial tumors. It is common, for example, to classify brain tumors by…
The Follow-Up of Patients with Abdominal Injuries
Fig. 24.1 Young male. Kick on left flank, subcapsular renal hematoma. (a) Baseline ultrasound (US) shows a hyperechoic oval pseudo-mass imprinting the renal profile. (b) Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) depicts subcapsular…
Aortic Injury
Fig. 9.1 Three-dimensional volume-rendered (3D-VR) image shows the segments of the thoracic aorta The first two segments, which are intrapericardial, are the Valsalva sinus (segment 0), where the coronary arteries…
Pelvic Trauma: Bone
Scheme 20.1 Representation of the “posterior tension band” comparable to a “suspension bridge” where the sacrum represents the horizontal component (red arrow) and the iliolumbar ligaments as additional stabilizing elements…
