Degenerative Disc Disease
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 63-year-old female patient with a history of two back surgeries in the distant past to remove herniated discs on the left at L5-S1. Patient…
Disc Herniation—Lumbar
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 43-year-old female with an 8-day history of severe low back pain and left leg pain. Painful episode began while bending to remove clothes from…
Disc Herniation—Foraminal
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 65-year-old male with a 2-year history of progressive right thigh pain radiating down the lateral aspect of the right leg. The pain is exacerbated…
Disc Herniation—Thoracic
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 75-year-old female who has presented with mid and low back pain and report of numbness and tingling in both legs for the past 4…
Disc Herniation and Spondylosis—Cervical
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 43-year-old female who presented with complaint of 8 days of right-sided upper back pain that radiates down the right arm. The patient gives a…
Disc Herniation : Recurrent vs. Postoperative Scarring
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 37-year-old man who presented with low back and right leg pain. He underwent a right L5-S1 microdiscectomy. He did well for about 5 years,…
Degenerative Discogenic Vertebral Endplate Disease
Clinical Presentation The patient is a 72-year-old male whose chief complaint is left mid back pain. He states it has been going on for approximately 2 weeks. He says it…
Diastematomyelia
Clinical Presentation The patient is an 81-year-old female who presents with low back pain and generalized weakness in the legs. She requires a wheelchair or cane to ambulate. Her symptoms…
Lumbar Spine Anatomy
Computed Tomography (CT) Axial Lumbar Figure 3-1 Axial CT Image. L4 pedicle level superiorly, lateral recess. 1. L4 vertebral body 2. L4 pedicle 3. Superior articular process L4 4. Inferior…
