Mitral Valve Stenosis
Mitral Valve Stenosis Colleen G. Koch THE 19TH CENTURY PHYSICIAN JEAN Nicholas Corvisart established the diagnostic value of percussion in the physical diagnosis of cardiac disorders. He described the diastolic…
CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
Echocardiography for Percutaneous Aortic Valve and Mitral Clip Implantation
Echocardiography for Percutaneous Aortic Valve and Mitral Clip Implantation Chirojit Mukherjee INTRODUCTION The most frequent valvular disease in adults is calcification of the aortic valve. The average age of patients…
Principles and Technology of Two-dimensional Echocardiography
Principles and Technology of Two-dimensional Echocardiography Andrew Maslow and Albert C. Perrino, Jr. TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY GENERATES DYNAMIC IMAGES of the heart from reflections of transmitted ultrasound. The echocardiography system transmits…
3D TEE Imaging
3D TEE Imaging Annette Vegas INTRODUCTION Real-time (RT) three-dimensional (3D) TEE is being increasingly used in the perioperative period to assess cardiac anatomy and function. Ease of acquisition with rapid…
Aortic Stenosis
Aortic Stenosis Ira S. Cohen INTRODUCTION With the exception of coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, aortic valve replacement (AVR) for critical aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common indication for…
Critical Care Echocardiography
Critical Care Echocardiography Heidi K. Atwell and Michael H. Wall INTRODUCTION Critical care ultrasound (CCUS) comprises ultrasound evaluation of the heart, lungs, pleural space, abdomen, vascular access, and evaluation of…
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia Joachim M. Erb and Manfred D. Seeberger ANATOMY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE MYOCARDIAL BLOOD SUPPLY Coronary Anatomy The myocardium has its own independent blood supply and…
A Practical Approach to the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function
A Practical Approach to the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function Stanton K. Shernan IN COMPARISON TO SYSTOLE, THE diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle has only recently acquired appropriate…
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation A. Stephane Lambert TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (TEE) HAS BECOME a standard of care in the cardiac operating room, allowing the anesthesiologist to play an important part in the surgical…
Doppler Technology and Technique
Doppler Technology and Technique Albert C. Perrino, Jr. TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PROVIDES remarkable high-resolution, full motion display of cardiac structures. Yet despite the ability to reveal the most intricate anatomic detail,…
