Rakesh C. Navuluri • Brian Funaki Approximately 100,000 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding require inpatient admission annually in the United States. When medical management and endoscopic therapy are inadequate, endovascular…

Miguel A. De Gregorio • Alicia Laborda Massive hemoptysis, also known as life-threatening hemoptysis, is a serious, critical condition that necessitates urgent assessment and treatment of the patient. Despite advances…

Raj Ayyagari • Jeffrey S. Pollak BACKGROUND Pathophysiology By far the most common genitourinary venous pathologic entity that lends itself to embolization therapy is the varicocele, an abnormal and often…

Ricardo Yamada • Christopher Hannegan • J. Bayne Selby • Marcelo Guimaraes Cellular therapy has been used since late 1950s, when transplantation of hematopoietic cells was performed by E. Donnall…

Jose Luiz Orlando • Francisco Ramos • Bruno C. Odisio Peripheral vascular malformations arise as a result of a focal vascular differentiation embryologic failure leading to an abnormal development of…

Michael Bret Anderson Lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is defined by intraluminal bleeding distal to the ligament of Treitz (the suspensory ligament of the duodenum composed of a band of smooth…

Daniel C. Brown • Constantino S. Peña • James F. Benenati BACKGROUND Visceral abdominal aneurysms (VAAs) are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all arterial aneurysms, but can be…

Luke R. Wilkins • Wael E. Saad Gastric and esophageal varices can have multiple etiologies. Most (90%) patients have underlying cirrhosis and portal hypertension. This patient population has a 30%…

Omid Kohannim  •  Justin McWilliams BACKGROUND Epidemiology and Risk Factors Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), defined as blood loss exceeding 500 mL after vaginal delivery or 1,000 mL after a cesarean section, has an…