Dose Distribution and Scatter Analysis
Dose Distribution and Scatter Analysis It is seldom possible to measure dose distribution directly in patients treated with radiation. Data on dose distribution are almost entirely derived from measurements in…
RESPIRATORY IMAGING
Brachytherapy
Brachytherapy Brachytherapy is a method of treatment in which sealed radioactive sources are used to deliver radiation at a short distance by interstitial, intracavitary, or surface application. With this mode…
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy 20.1. Introduction In the traditional external beam photon radiation therapy, most treatments are delivered with radiation beams that are of uniform intensity across the field (within the…
Treatment Planning II: Patient Data, Corrections, and Setup
Treatment Planning II: Patient Data, Corrections, and Setup Basic depth dose data and isodose curves are usually measured in a cubic water phantom having dimensions much larger than the field…
A System of Dosimetric Calculations
A System of Dosimetric Calculations Several methods are available for calculating absorbed dose in a patient. Two of these methods using percent depth doses and tissue-air ratios (TARs) were discussed…
Intravascular Brachytherapy
Intravascular Brachytherapy 24.1. Introduction Coronary artery disease is most commonly treated using bypass surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). A major problem with PTCA, however, is the high incidence…
Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy 19.1. Introduction By three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3-D CRT), we mean treatments that are based on 3-D anatomic information and use dose distributions that conform as closely…
High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy
High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy 22.1. Introduction Most of the clinical experience in brachytherapy has been obtained using low-dose-rate (LDR) implants, that is, with prescription dose rate on the order of 0.5 to…
Prostate Implants
Prostate Implants 23.1. Introduction Treatment options for carcinoma of the prostate include radical prostatectomy (e.g., nerve-sparing surgical procedure), external photon beam irradiation, and brachytherapy implantation. The selection of a particular…
Proton Beam Therapy
Proton Beam Therapy 26.1. Basic Physics A. Nature of the Particle According to the Big Bang Theory, hydrogen was the first element to form in the universe (∼100 seconds after…
